Besides well-known Ella Fitzgerald, Billie Holiday and Sarah Vaughan, have been there, pulling their weight, since Louis Armstrong’s wife Lil Harin graced the back in the 1920s. vocalists such as
But whilst these didn’t necessarily need any accolades for doing their job, perhaps now it’s time to celebrate them and the part they played in shaping the .
Of course, we could have picked many more than 10, but hopefully these will provide an interesting springboard to discover more great musicians.
Certainly nobody could argue that the provenance of these is not equally as glittering as that of their male collaborators.
Mary Lou Williams –
One of the first Duke Ellington in The Washingtonians. to be successful in , she began her professional career in 1922 at age 12. The following year she played with
The list of collaborators reads like a who’s who of Dizzy Gillespie, Hank Jones, Earl Hines, Benny Goodman… ; Jack Teagarden, Tadd Dameron,
Williams is one of only three A Great Day In Harlem, the other two being Marian McPartland and Maxine Sullivan. to appear on Art Kane’s iconic photograph
She recorded more than a hundred records in her career and was a mentor to legends such as Thelonious Monk and Dizzy Gillespie.
Looking back on her life, she commented “I did it, didn’t I? Through muck and mud.”
Read more about this iconic female pianist here.
Recommended album: Mary Lou Williams (1964)
This album features Williams’ trademark rhythmic juxtaposition, something which has been described as a hallmark of Monk’s playing too.
Melba Liston – trombone
Melba Liston was the first woman trombonist to play in 1940s/50s big bands (aside from those all-female bands).
Primarily self-taught but encouraged by her guitarist grandfather, she played on a local radio station at the age of 8 before moving to LA where she was a classmate of Dexter Gordon.
She later recorded with the legendary tenor saxophonist, as well as working with Dizzy Gillespie, and Billie Holliday, but gave up life on the road for a career in education – in part due to her despondency about the indifference of audiences.
Recommended album: Melba Liston and Her ‘Bones (1959)
This album is Melba Liston’s debut as a leader and features a standout track in What’s My Line Theme which is slowly swung and transposed down.

Rhoda Scott – Hammond organ
Rhoda Scott is one of a small minority of to use their feet for bass even whilst playing fast swing (another notable example being Barbara Dennerlein) – most other players use left hand bass and rely on a guitarist for chordal support. Hammond organ players
She studied at Manhattan School of in New York, graduating in 1967 with a first class master’s degree, a grand prize and special mention.
‘discovered’ her and booked her at his club in Harlem.
Now residing in France, Rhoda continues to perform live with her female-majority We Free Queens.
Recommended album: Rhoda Scott in New York (with the Thad Jones/Mel Lewis Orchestra)
This album mixes brilliant original compositions by Scott with the accompaniment of the incomparable Jones/Lewis .
Emily Remler – guitar
Emily Remler studied of in the 1970s, listening to greats such as Charlie Christian, Herb Ellis, Joe Pass, Wes Montgomery and Pat Martino. guitar at
Herb Ellis described her as “the new superstar of guitar” when she played a The Concord in 1978 and, on releasing her first album in 1981, she won Guitarist of the Year in ’s 1985 international poll.
Remler was famous for saying “…the is everything, and it has nothing to do with politics or the ‘s liberation movement.”
Recommended album: Firefly
This was Emily Remler’s debut album and one can clearly hear her already-distinctive, lyrical and assertive style on the guitar.
As Bob Moses remarked: “she swung harder and simpler. She didn’t have to let you know she was a virtuoso in the first five seconds.”
Bobbi Humphrey – flute
Bobbi Humphrey was first female instrumentalist signed by Blue Note in 1971.
Beginning as a straight-ahead player, her debut album Flute In and subsequent Dig This! saw her evolve her style into funk and soul- .
Her annual releases earned her the title of Best Female Instrumentalist by Billboard Magazine in 1976.
Despite high album sales, she never saw much financial success from her recordings, moving for a time into business. But she re-entered the performance world in 1994 with Passion Flute, released on her own label.
Recommended album: Satin Doll (1974)
This brilliant album features the iconic track New York Times which to many sums up the US scene in the 1970s.
Humphrey’s fluid and virtuosic yet cool flute over a true funk groove showcases measured interplay with choral soul vocals throughout.

Terry Pollard – vibraphone and
Active on the Detroit scene in the 1950s, Terry Pollard toured with vibraphonist Terry Gibbs’ , appearing on The Tonight Show 1956.
The slot (available to view here on Youtube) includes an incredible and fun vibes battle with Gibbs. It showcases her astounding and vibraphone skills and indeed shows why she has been described as “a major player that has been inexplicably overlooked”
Recommended album: Terry Pollard And Her Septet: Cats vs Chicks – A Battle of the Sexes
This is a great introduction to the work or Terry Pollard and features Clark Terry.
Vi Redd – alto saxophone
Vi’s father, Alton Redd, was a leading figure in the Los Angeles scene on which she was active from 1950.
Returning to in 1960 after a seven-year stint of work in education, she worked with Earl Hines, Max Roach and husband Richie Goldberg, touring Japan and enjoying an unprecedented 10 week stint at Ronnie Scott’s.
She returned to LA as a gigging and educator, winning various awards including ‘Lifetime Achievement Award’ from the Los Angeles Society and the Mary Lou Williams award from the Kennedy Center.
Also a , Vi added an extra timbre to her recordings which were focused mainly on her alto sax soloing.
Recommended album: Now’s the Time
Released on Halcyon Records in 1977, this album features two other legendary in Marian McPartland and Mary Osborne.
Regina Carter – violin
Hard to categorise, Regina has performed many styles of including , Latin, blues, African and R&B.
Beginning at age 4 to study the violin using the Suzuki method, Regina released her eponymous debut album in 1995 on Atlantic Records, after first gaining attention with Straight Ahead, an all-female quintet, about whom Branford Marsalisc remarked “they truly swing”.
Regina has won multiple readers’ and critics’ polls for Downbeat, JazzTimes and other publications. She has toured and continues to do so with her own and as a guest with artists including Kenny Barron, the late Ray Brown, Mary J Blige, Billy Joel, Omara Portuondo and Cassandra Wilson.
Recommended album: Ella: Accentuate the Positive (2017) a celebration of Ella Fitzgerald
Described by Jazziz magazine as honouring Ella Fitzgerald “with exceptional warmth and sincerity” this release on Okeh Records is a great introduction to the growing catalogue of a fascinating .

Joyce Moreno – guitar
Joyce Moreno is a self-taught Latin from Rio de Janeiro in Brazil, known for her work as a /songwriter.
She accompanies herself on Brazilian guitar, using complex contrapuntal rhythms in odd meters showing her as much as a virtuoso guitarist as a .
She often uses her voice as a wordless instrument and produces many instrumental numbers as a result.
She broke new ground in 1967 by writing a song with the lyrics written in first person feminine; she was criticised as “vulgar and immoral” by journalists but maintained her feminist stance with the support of Fernando Lobo and Nelson Motta.
Since then, Joyce has released 39 albums featuring collaborators such as Vinicius de Moraes, Roberto Silva and Pat Metheny peer and co-collaborator Toninho Horta.
Recommended album: Feminina (1980)
This album includes the iconic title track which contains lyrics where she asks her mother what it is to be a woman.
Carla Bley – and Hammond organ
An important figure in the 1960s free movement alongside husband Paul Bley, Carla Bley’s compositions have been recorded by many notable musicians including George Russell, Jimmy Giuffre, Gary Burton and Charlie Haden.
Modestly describing herself as “99% and 1% ” she nevertheless holds both chairs on various recordings of her work released almost annually since 1974 for WATT and ECM.
Recommended album: 4×4 (2000)
This Carla Bley album features supremely melodic and playful tunes such as Sidewinders In Paradise and Baseball and is ideal for an introduction to the Bley magic.
: Additional Resources
Thanks for reading!
Of course, these ten just scratch the surface of a rich and detailed history of , but hopefully it gives you some new ideas for to discover.
We stuck to best female saxophone players in history, the most famous female trumpeters and an essential listening list of women drummers. for this article, but if you’re looking to check out some of the best of all time (who, of course, tend to have achieved more ‘fame’) you’ll find them here. We’ve also dived deeper into the
You can also find some great content of via Media.

The label ‘Discover Jazz’ is attached to articles which have been edited and published by Jazzfuel host Matt Fripp, but have been written in collaboration with various different jazz musicians and industry contributors. When appropriate, these musicians are quoted and name-checked inside the article itself!
This was a terrific article. am very interested in female jazz intrumentalists. I believe that Jutta Hipp was the first female instrumentalist signed by Blue Note in 1955.
Dear Matt,
Your list was very informative and learn more about the ladies diversity on instruments. In addition, Hubert Laws sister played the Flute with him during the CTI years of recordings. Also Carmen Mcrae played piano. Happy and Blessed Holidays.
What a shame that the “icons” are all all relatively straight ahead. How about Geri Allen. Alice Coltrane, Mary Halvorsen.
Dorothy Ashby was a fine jazz harp player
Great list of great musicians, Wendy. Interesting reading. Check out Viola Davis, Teri Lyne Carrington, Cindy Blackman, to name but three, all world class drummers (my instrument!)
I enjoy your broadcasts on the Ipswich Jazz Collective site